You may recognize the concept of the factorial of a nonnegative integer n, denoted as n! := n · (n - 1) · (n - 2) · … · 2 · 1, from an introductory combinatorics or probability class.

You may recognize the concept of the factorial of a nonnegative integer n, denoted as n! := n · (n - 1) · (n - 2) · … · 2 · 1, from an introductory combinatorics or probability class.